If you’re an international student planning to study in the UK or are already enrolled—you may be wondering how UK grades compare to your home country’s system. Unlike many countries that use a Grade Point Average (GPA), the UK has a classification-based system for university degrees. This can cause confusion when applying for further studies or jobs, especially abroad.

This guide will help you understand how UK grading works, and how to interpret or convert your results into a GPA or other familiar system.

The UK University Grading System

In the UK, undergraduate degrees are classified using a degree class system. Here’s a breakdown of how final results are typically awarded:

• First Class Honours (1st) – 70% and above
• Upper Second Class Honours (2:1) – 60–69%
• Lower Second Class Honours (2:2) – 50–59%
• Third Class Honours (3rd) – 40–49%
• Ordinary/Pass – Below 40%, depending on institution rules

Postgraduate (Master’s) degrees are generally assessed differently:

• Distinction – 70% and above
• Merit – 60–69%
• Pass – 50–59%
• Fail – Below 50%

It’s important to note that UK universities set high academic standards, and a score of 70% or higher is considered excellent. Unlike in some countries, achieving 90% or more is rare in UK higher education.

Why Is UK Grading Different?

The UK system places a strong focus on critical thinking, independent research, and argument development. Grades are based on how well students:

• Develop ideas
• Reference academic sources
• Build a logical structure in essays or reports
• Demonstrate original thought or analysis

This focus can result in a more conservative marking style, where even very strong work might receive a grade in the 60–70% range.

Common Grading Terms You Might See

• Modules: UK degrees are made up of modules (individual units or subjects). Each module contributes to your overall result.
• Credits: Each module carries a number of credits. In England, a typical undergraduate degree has 360 credits over three years.
• Coursework and Exams: Final grades are often a combination of essays, reports, group projects, and written exams.

Converting UK Grades to GPA (Approximate Guide)

Although there is no official conversion scale between UK classifications and GPA, here’s a general comparison that is sometimes used:

UK Degree Classification	Percentage	Approx. GPA Equivalent (US/Canada)
First Class Honours	70%+	4.0
Upper Second Class (2:1)	60–69%	3.3–3.9
Lower Second Class (2:2)	50–59%	2.7–3.2
Third Class Honours	40–49%	2.0–2.6
Pass	35–39%	1.7–1.9
Fail	Below 35%	0.0–1.6

Keep in mind, this is only a rough estimate. Universities and employers in other countries may use different methods or ask for additional information, like transcripts and grading rubrics.

Country-Specific Comparisons (Examples)

India

UK First Class (70%+) is often considered equivalent to Indian Distinction (75–85%), depending on the institution. However, Indian universities are often more generous with marks, so conversion needs careful explanation.

United States

US universities use a 4.0 GPA system. UK marks typically convert to a GPA scale for graduate school applications, with a First Class being seen as equivalent to a 3.7–4.0 GPA. Some US institutions will accept official transcripts as they are, while others may require a WES (World Education Services) evaluation.

Nigeria

In Nigeria, many institutions use a 5.0 GPA scale. A UK 2:1 is usually interpreted as roughly equivalent to Second Class Upper in Nigeria. UK grading may seem stricter, but most schools are familiar with the UK scale.

Europe (ECTS)

European universities following the Bologna Process often use the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS). UK universities do not issue ECTS credits by default, but 2 UK credits generally equal 1 ECTS credit. Grades can also be converted using comparability tables provided by European institutions.

Tips for International Students

1. Request a transcript with percentage breakdowns
This helps universities abroad interpret your results accurately, especially if they are unfamiliar with UK classifications.

2. Get a credential evaluation
If you’re applying to study or work in countries like the US or Canada, a WES or NARIC evaluation can be useful.

3. Explain your grades in personal statements or applications
Clarify how UK grading works and how your performance reflects academic achievement, especially if the percentages seem lower than expected.

4. Keep coursework feedback
For graduate applications or job interviews, showing comments or project scores can help demonstrate your strengths.

5. Don’t panic over “low” percentages
In the UK, even a 65% can be a strong mark. Focus on your overall classification and the quality of your work.

Final Thoughts

Understanding the UK grading system is essential if you’re planning to convert your results or apply internationally. While percentages may look different from what you’re used to, UK universities are known for their rigour and high standards. Employers and academic institutions worldwide generally respect UK qualifications, especially if presented with clarity and context.

Take time to understand your university’s marking criteria and ask for help if you’re unsure. With the right documentation and explanation, your achievements can be clearly understood and appreciated wherever your journey takes you.

FAQs

1. Is there an official GPA conversion for UK degrees?
No, there is no universal or government-endorsed conversion chart. Conversions are approximate and depend on the institution or employer you’re applying to.

2. Can I convert my UK degree to ECTS credits?
Yes. Although UK universities don’t automatically use ECTS, a typical rule is that 2 UK credits = 1 ECTS credit. Always confirm with your university.

3. Do employers understand UK classifications abroad?
Most major employers and institutions in countries like the US, Canada, and Australia are familiar with UK degrees. Including a grading explanation in your application can help.

4. What’s the best way to show my grades in international applications?
Provide your official transcript, include an explanation of the UK grading system, and, if needed, submit a credential evaluation from a recognised agency like WES.

5. Are UK postgraduate degrees marked differently?
Yes. Master’s degrees in the UK are often classified as Distinction (70%+), Merit (60–69%), and Pass (50–59%). These marks are based on coursework, exams, and sometimes a dissertation.